Parmigianino

Born in Parma in 1503, Francesco Mazzola was nicknamed 'Parmigianino' (the little one from Parma) and showed precocious talent, completing the Bardi Altarpiece by age 18.¹

While working at San Giovanni Evangelista, he met Correggio. The master's fluid fresco techniques deeply influenced the development of the young Parmigianino's style.¹

Upon moving to Rome in 1524, he sought patronage from Pope Clement VII. Vasari recorded that he was celebrated as a 'Raphael reborn' due to his extraordinary talent.¹

The Sack of Rome in 1527 disrupted his flourishing career, forcing him to flee to Bologna. This historical event served as a major turning point in his life.¹

His style is characterized by 'refined sensuality' and elongated forms. As a leading first-generation Mannerist, his iconic 'Madonna with the Long Neck' epitomizes this unique aesthetic.¹

In his later years, he became obsessed with alchemy, possibly seeking new etching media. This obsession led him to neglect his painting commissions, resulting in legal troubles.¹

He was imprisoned for two months for breach of contract regarding church decorations. After his release, he was eventually replaced by other artists, including Giulio Romano.¹

He died at the young age of 37 in 1540. According to his wishes, he was buried naked with a cypress wood cross on his chest in Casalmaggiore.¹