Caravaggio (Michelangelo Merisi)

In 1584, he apprenticed under Simone Peterzano in Milan, who claimed to be a pupil of Titian. Here, Caravaggio learned the foundations of Renaissance tradition and the naturalistic style characteristic of Northern Italy.¹

Cardinal Francesco Maria del Monte rescued the impoverished artist in Rome. Under his patronage, Caravaggio produced masterpieces like 'The Cardsharps,' making a name for himself in religious and aristocratic circles.¹

Despite his talent, he was notoriously violent and involved in many brawls. In 1606, he killed a man in a fight over a bet and was sentenced to death, forcing him to flee Rome and live as a fugitive.¹

During four years of exile, he moved between Naples, Malta, and Sicily while continuing to paint. He left masterpieces in each location, and his dramatic style profoundly influenced painters across Italy and Europe.¹

In 1610, he died suddenly at age 38 while returning to Rome to seek a papal pardon. His cause of death remains a mystery, with theories ranging from fever and murder to lead poisoning.¹

Forgotten for a time after his death, his work was reevaluated in the 20th century. His importance in Western art history is immense, with critics stating that 'modern painting begins with Caravaggio.'¹