Hans Baldung Grien

Born around 1484 into an academic family, he was the first male in his family not to attend university, becoming one of the first German artists from an academic background.¹

His nickname 'Grien' likely came from his preference for green clothing and served to distinguish him from other assistants named Hans in Dürer's shop.¹

From 1503, he was an assistant in Albrecht Dürer's studio, becoming his most gifted student and even managing the workshop during Dürer's absence in Venice.¹

In 1509, he moved to Strasbourg, became a citizen, joined a guild, and established his own workshop, signing works with his signature HGB monogram.¹

He was one of the first German artists to heavily incorporate witchcraft and erotic themes, notably in his 1510 woodcut 'The Witches' Sabbath'.¹

His masterpiece is the eleven-panel high altar for the Freiburg Cathedral, depicting scenes from the life of the Virgin, which remains intact today.¹

A supporter of the Reformation, he depicted Luther in a saintly guise. As the Reformation reduced demand for church art, he shifted toward secular themes.¹

His depictions of witches often reflected the satirical and humorous views of Strasbourg humanists rather than purely serious or vilifying intent.¹

He maintained a close friendship with Dürer; upon Dürer's death, Baldung was sent a lock of his hair as a token of their bond.¹